CHA2DS2VASc scoring tool
- Assesses a person's stroke risk
- Add together the points allocated to each risk factor
- Refer to the table below to calculate the percantage risk
| Points | Risk Factor | Additional notes |
| 1 | Age 65–74 years | |
| 2 | Age >74 years | |
| 1 | Sex category (female) | |
| 1 | Congestive heart failure/left ventricular dysfunction | heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, or people with recent decompensated heart failure requiring hospitalization, irrespective of ejection fraction |
| 1 | Hypertension | defined as a resting blood pressure greater than 140 mmHg systolic and/or greater than 90 mmHg diastolic on at least 2 occasions or current antihypertensive pharmacologic treatment |
| 1 | Diabetes mellitus | defined as fasting plasma glucose level of 7.0 mmol/L [126 mg/dL] or more or treatment with oral hypoglycaemic drugs and/or insulin |
| 2 | Stroke/TIA | |
| 1 | Vascular disease | prior myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, or aortic plaque |
|
Score
|
Stroke rate risk (%)
|
|
1
|
1,3%
|
|
2
|
2,2%
|
|
3
|
3,2%
|
|
4
|
4,0%
|
|
5
|
6,7%
|
|
6
|
9,8%
|
|
7
|
9,6%
|
|
8
|
6,7%
|
|
9
|
15,2%
|
The HAS-BLED scoring tool
- Assesses the 1-year risk for major bleeding associated with oral anticoagulation
- Patients with a high risk of bleeding (HAS-BLED score ≥ 3) warrent caution when prescribing oral anticoagulation and regular review is recommended
- Identifies people at high risk of bleeding who could benefit from increased vigilance and a specific focus on correction of modifiable risk factors such as
- uncontrolled hypertension
- poor control of international normalized ratio (INR)
- concurrent medication (for example concurrent use of aspirin or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
- harmful alcohol consumption
A score of 1 point should be given for each of the following risk factors:
A HAS-BLED score of ≥3 indicates that
| Points |
Risk Factor |
Additional notes |
| 1 |
Hypertension |
uncontrolled, greater than 160 mmHg systolic |
| 1 |
Abnormal liver/renal function |
|
| 1 | Stroke | previous history, particularly lacunar strokes |
| 1 | Bleeding | bleeding history or predisposition |
| 1 | Labile international normalized ratios | INRs, therapeutic time in range less than 60% |
| 1 | Elderly | Age > 65 years |
| 1 | Drugs/ Alcohol | antiplatelet agents or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
